Global Industrial Chemical Whitepaper

China Direct Yellow 12 Manufacturer & Supplier

Premium Chrysophenine G Dye Formulations engineered for maximum colorfastness, substrate affinity, and eco-compliant textile & paper processing lines.

Corporate Overview

About SUNRISE Chem Group

Tianjin Sunrise Chem Group specializes in manufacturing high-quality dyestuffs. Our extensive product portfolio includes Direct dyes, Acid dyes, Basic dyes, Sulphur dyes, Solvent dyes, Liquid dyes, and Fluorescent brighteners designed to meet the rigorous demands of modern industrial processing lines.

Backed by decades of chemical synthesis and global export experience, we have built a rock-solid reputation for reliability and excellence. We serve leading manufacturing clients in diverse sectors including denim finishing, textile dyeing, tannery operations, packaging paper mills, and industrial plastics.

"Environmental protection and chemical safety are the cornerstones of our technological innovations. By achieving ZDHC Level 3 and GOTS certifications, we guarantee that our materials align with the strictest ecological standards, helping partners build clean, circular supply chains."

We pride ourselves on offering customized colorant solutions. Our team of laboratory chemical experts works closely with partners to evaluate substrate parameters and supply tailor-made liquid or powder formulations, maximizing cost efficiency and quality control.

Sunrise Chem Production Facility
Chemical Specifications

Technical Properties of Direct Yellow 12 (Chrysophenine G)

Direct Yellow 12, systematically designated by the Colour Index (C.I. 24895) and commonly known as Chrysophenine G, is a symmetrical stilbene-based azo dye characterized by its excellent affinity for cellulosic fibers. Its chemical structure features sulfonic acid groups that ensure solubility in water and promote stable ionic bonding with cotton, viscose, and paper pulp fibers without the necessity of mordants.

Parameters Standard Specifications Testing Methods / Quality Assurance
Chemical Name Chrysophenine G / C.I. Direct Yellow 12 IUPAC Nomenclature Verification
CAS Registry Number 2870-62-4 CAS Database Index
Molecular Formula C30H26N4Na2O8S2 Mass Spectrometry Analysis
Physical Form Yellow-orange homogeneous powder / liquid solution Visual & Colorimetric Profiling
Solubility in Water ≥ 30 g/L (at 90°C) Gravimetric Dissolution Test
Light Fastness Grade 5-6 (ISO Standard) Xenon Arc Lamp Exposure (ISO 105-B02)
Acid Resistance Grade 4-5 Standard Colorimetric Deviation Test
Free Arylamines < 20 ppm (Eco-Compliant) GC-MS Analysis (EN ISO 14362-1)

The chemical stability of Direct Yellow 12 under temperature fluctuations and pH changes makes it highly adaptable to both continuous and batch dyeing processes. The presence of stilbene linkages provides high coloration value, allowing manufacturers to achieve deep, brilliant yellow shades with minimum dye loading.

Macro Solutions

Macro-Industry Solutions & Application Scenarios

How Sunrise Chem's Direct Yellow 12 optimization increases productivity and ensures environmental compliance in global processing lines.

Pulp & Paper Manufacturing

Direct Yellow 12 exhibits optimal substantive affinity to bleached and unbleached kraft cellulose fibers. In stock preparation systems, it provides exceptional retention rates, preventing dye loss in backwater circuits. Perfect for tissue, decorative laminates, packaging boards, and writing paper, ensuring consistent color matching under varying pulp brightness.

Textile Exhaust & Pad Dyeing

Optimized for cotton, viscose, and linen blends, Chrysophenine G yields vivid yellow tones with high build-up properties. By carefully adjusting sodium chloride (salt) concentration during exhaust cycles, we control the migration speed, ensuring excellent levelness without stripe formations in fabric structures.

Leather Coloring & Finishing

For chrome-tanned and vegetable-tanned leathers, Direct Yellow 12 penetrates deep into the collagen fiber matrix. It provides excellent surface coverage, hiding grain defects and offering a stable base shade for subsequent aniline spray-finishing procedures.

Textile and Paper Mill Partnership
Global Partnership

Decades of Collaboration with Textile and Paper Mills

Cooperating with leading global textile and paper mills for decades demonstrates that Sunrise Chem Group has established reliable business relationships. This kind of long-term collaboration delivers numerous technical benefits to our partners, including guaranteed batch-to-batch consistency (Delta E < 0.5), predictable supply-chain cycles, and shared optimization engineering.

Our mission is to drive your business growth by providing customizable colorants that lower your operational costs and reduce water purification requirements. By acting as a technical consultant rather than just a supplier, we actively help your quality assurance teams streamline their recipes to pass stringent global environmental audits.

Global Standards & Technical Roadmap

High E-E-A-T Compliance Framework & Environmental Protection

The modern dyestuff industry faces a critical transition toward ecological transparency. At Sunrise Chem, environmental protection is the cornerstone of our technology roadmaps. Our production lines feature state-of-the-art closed-loop water treatment processes, zero-liquid-discharge (ZLD) configurations, and computerized synthesis monitors to eliminate hazardous chemical output.

0% Hazardous Discharge

Our processes comply with ZDHC Level 3 MRSL guidelines, eliminating banned amine substances at the source.

≥99% Batch Consistency

Standardized spectrophotometer color matching ensures that every shipment meets industrial color specs.

100% GOTS Certified

Guaranteed organic compatibility for textiles, ensuring compliance with global organic fiber markets.

Deep Dive: Understanding ZDHC Level 3 and GOTS Certifications

The ZDHC (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals) program is a collaborative effort by leading global retail brands and suppliers to prevent toxic chemicals from polluting local waterways. Achieving ZDHC Level 3 certification means Sunrise Chem's manufacturing facility undergoes strict third-party audits of chemical raw materials, process safety management, and laboratory testing. Our Direct Yellow 12 is fully certified, preventing the presence of banned arylamines or heavy metal traces.

Furthermore, our GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard) certification ensures that the dyes we supply meet organic farming and processing criteria. GOTS-compliant dyestuffs must not only be biodegradable but also manufactured under ethical social standards, providing our partners with a dual commitment to environmental integrity and social responsibility.

Packaging & Shipping Label
Quality Inspection Center
Industrial Synthesis Reactor
Logistics Container Shipping
Global Distribution

Industrial Logistics & Storage Infrastructure

Our large-scale warehousing operations ensure standard lead times and reliable supplies for international textile hubs.

Sulphur Black Warehouse

sulphur black warehouse

Liquid Dyestuff Storage

liquid dyestuff

Sulphur Black Loading

SULPHUR BLACK CONTAINER LOADING

Direct Dyes Loading

direct dyes container loading

Liquid Dyes Loading

LIQUID DYES CONTAINER LOADING

Sunrise Quality Inspection Laboratory

Sunrise Quality Inspection Laboratory

One of the main reasons why customers choose us is the stable supply of dyes we provide. We have developed highly efficient manufacturing processes to ensure a continuous supply of our products. Our factories feature state-of-the-art synthesis equipment and a highly knowledgeable workforce, enabling us to fulfill demanding, high-volume orders. With us, you can begin your manufacturing journey with confidence, knowing that dye availability will never be a bottleneck in your production flow.

Apart from steady supplies, the exceptional quality of our dyes is why we stand out in the global chemical market. We, SUNRISE CHEM, take pride in our commitment to producing dyes that consistently meet high standards of quality. Our experienced technicians carefully monitor the manufacturing process, ensuring that each batch of dyes is carefully tested for color fastness, durability and other essential parameters. By choosing us, you can rest assured that your products will stand out in the market due to the vibrant and long-lasting color our dyes provide.

Engineering Guide

Engineering Implementation & Application Guide

To maximize the coloring yield and colorfastness of Direct Yellow 12 (Chrysophenine G), our chemical engineering department recommends the following application protocols across different industrial mediums:

1. Exhaust Dyeing on Cellulosic Fabrics (Cotton & Viscose)

In exhaust systems, the dye affinity is highly dependent on bath temperature and electrolyte concentration. The following steps should be carefully executed:

  • Bath Preparation: Prepare the liquor ratio at 1:10 to 1:20. Add the dissolved Direct Yellow 12 dye solution to the dyebath at 40°C.
  • Electrolyte Addition: Add sodium chloride (10-20 g/L) or Glauber's salt (sodium sulfate) in two separate portions. The electrolyte acts as a neutral agent to reduce the negative charge on the fiber surface, prompting the anionic dye molecules to diffuse into the amorphous regions of the cellulose.
  • Temperature Control: Gradually raise the temperature at a rate of 1.5°C per minute until it reaches 90-95°C. Hold at this peak temperature for 45 to 60 minutes to allow full molecular migration and leveling.
  • Cooling & Fixing: Cool the bath slowly to 60°C. Drain the liquor and rinse the fabric with cold water. To improve wet fastness properties, apply a cationic fixing agent (0.5-2.0% o.w.f.) at pH 5.5 at 50°C for 20 minutes.

2. Stock Dyeing in Paper Mills

For paper coloring, Direct Yellow 12 is added directly to the pulper or stock chest during stock preparation. Retention is key to reducing backwater color loading:

  • Pulp Disintegration: Ensure the pulp (bleached kraft or mechanical wood pulp) is fully beaten and disintegrated. Add the dye solution to the stock chest before sizing.
  • Alum Integration: Direct Yellow 12 has high affinity for unsized pulp, but the addition of rosin sizing and alum (aluminum sulfate) at a pH range of 4.5-5.5 significantly enhances dye retention. The aluminum ions form insoluble complex lakes with the sulfonic acid groups of the dye, anchoring them to the cellulose fibrils.
  • Fixing & Retention Aids: For deeper shades and tissue grades, add cationic retention polymers (such as polyacrylamide) to prevent bleeding and color transfer in final products.
Chemical Synthesis Control Station
Innovation Roadmap

Future Outlook: Bio-based Raw Materials & Low-Carbon Dyeing

The chemical dyestuff industry is undergoing a paradigm shift towards low-carbon footprints and green chemistry. As a leading China manufacturer, Sunrise Chem Group is investing in research to replace traditional petroleum-derived stilbene intermediates with bio-based renewable feedstocks. Our goal is to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the synthesis of Direct Yellow 12 by 30% over the next decade.

Furthermore, we are optimizing our liquid dye formulations to assist paper mills in implementing zero-dust processing environments. Liquid Direct Yellow 12 solutions reduce handling hazards, eliminate dust explosions, and facilitate automated dosing systems, boosting worker safety and chemical utilization efficiency.

Research & Development Lab
FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions: Direct Yellow 12 Solutions

Expert answers addressing the technical, commercial, and environmental concerns of global chemical buyers and sourcing managers.

What is the primary chemical composition and classification of Direct Yellow 12? +
Direct Yellow 12, chemically known as Chrysophenine G (C.I. 24895, CAS 2870-62-4), is a stilbene-azo class anionic dye. It contains sulfonic acid sodium salt groups which dissociate in aqueous solution to form anionic dye particles. These anions form strong hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces directly with the hydroxyl groups of cellulosic fibers, making it a "direct" dye that does not require chemical mordants to bind.
How does Sunrise Chem ensure batch-to-batch color consistency for Direct Yellow 12? +
We utilize high-precision computer color matching systems (spectrophotometers) to test every single production batch before it leaves the factory. By maintaining strict control over the purity of raw materials and monitoring synthesis parameters in real-time, we keep the color difference metric (Delta E) under 0.5. Samples from each batch are stored in our quality control lab for three years for tracking purposes.
Can Direct Yellow 12 be used for food packaging paper? +
Standard industrial Direct Yellow 12 is not recommended for direct contact food packaging unless it has gone through specific purification stages to remove heavy metals and free primary aromatic amines (PAAs). For food contact applications, please contact our technical team to discuss our specialized food-grade colorants that comply with FDA and BfR regulations.
What is the difference between powder and liquid formulations of Direct Yellow 12? +
Direct Yellow 12 powder is highly concentrated and cost-effective for long-distance international shipping, but requires dissolving preparation before application. Liquid formulations are pre-dissolved, highly stable, and dust-free, allowing for automatic dosing in paper mills. However, liquid forms have a shorter shelf-life and higher transport volume compared to dry powder.
How do ZDHC Level 3 and GOTS certifications impact procurement? +
These certifications mean that our chemical manufacturing facility does not use or release hazardous substances on the ZDHC Manufacturing Restricted Substances List (MRSL). By sourcing certified dyes from Sunrise Chem, downstream brand mills can confidently pass environmental compliance audits and easily export finished goods to European and American markets.
What electrolyte is recommended for exhaust dyeing, and what is its dosage? +
Sodium chloride (vacuum salt) or sodium sulfate (Glauber's salt) is recommended. The dosage ranges from 10 g/L for light shades to 30 g/L for deep yellow shades. The salt must be dissolved and added slowly at 60-80°C to ensure even absorption and prevent rapid dye strike, which could cause patchiness.
How can wet fastness and washing fastness of Direct Yellow 12 be improved? +
Since direct dyes are highly soluble, their wet fastness is naturally moderate. To improve fastness to washing, perspiration, and water, we recommend post-treatment with a cationic dye-fixing agent. This agent forms an insoluble ionic complex with the dye molecules on the fiber surface, locking them within the cellulose matrix.
What is the average shelf life and storage conditions for Direct Yellow 12? +
When stored in its original sealed packaging in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse away from direct sunlight and moisture, the powder formulation has a shelf life of up to 5 years. Liquid formulations should be stored between 5°C and 30°C and have a shelf life of 12 to 18 months.
How does Sunrise Chem support custom colorant formulations? +
We offer customized solution services. Customers can send us substrate samples (yarn, fabric, pulp, or leather) along with target color standards. Our laboratory technicians analyze the substrate, perform test dyeings, and adjust the shade, concentration, and auxiliary inputs to deliver a customized formula that matches the client's equipment setup.
What are the packaging standards for export shipments? +
Standard packaging includes 25 kg multi-layer paper bags, 25 kg iron/cardboard drums, or 500 kg jumbo bags with moisture-proof plastic inner liners. For liquid formulations, we supply 200L IBC drums or ISO tanks. Customized packaging and private labeling are available upon request.